VOCABULARY. FAMILY

DIFFERENCES

a single/ an only                                                              

alike (similar to) / like                                                                    

ancestors/ descendats

brothers and sisters/ siblings

close/ near                                                                                        

educated/ brought up                                                                     

far/ distant                                                                                        

grew/ grew up

grown/ grown up

relation/ relationship

relations/ relatives

take after/ look like (physically)

IDIOMS ABOUT FAMILY

be not on speaking terms                   = not talking to each other 

black sheep                                         = a member of a family not considered desirable

don't get on with                                = don't have a good relationship; get along well

get-together                                        = to meet socially; a casual social gathering

have a skeleton in the cupboard       = a scandal that is kept secret

own flesh and blood                           = one’s own relatives or kin

runs in the family                                = a common quality among members of a particular family

see eye to eye with                              = to agree with someone

wears the trousers                              = to have control, especially in a marriage

DISCOURSE MARKERS. LINKERS

result	reason	purpose	contrast
so -------------------------- as a result therefore consequently	because as since -------------------------- because of due to owing to	to in order to so as to -------------------------- so (that) in case	but yet however nevertheless -------------------------- although even though though -------------------------- in spite of despite despite the fact that

VOCABULARY. WORK II

CONFUSING NOUNS

bonus
a sum of money given in addition to regular pay, usually for outstanding or exceptional work
e.g. Last year my company made a huge profit, and therefore we were given a bonus.

career
an occupation or profession followed as one's lifework.
e.g. It is difficult for a woman to have a successful career and bring up children at once.

perk
an advantage or extra thing, like money or goods, which you are given because of your job. Also benefit.
e.g. The company is given to me some perks such as insurance or mobile phone.

post
a job in an organization
e.g. He has been offered a human resources post.

profession 
an occupation requiring special education, especially in the liberal arts or sciences.
e.g. Carmen left the teaching profession in her seventies.

qualification
an ability or experience that fits a person to perform a particular job or task.
e.g. Peter has no qualifications to be a manager.

salary
a fixed regular payment made by an employer, often monthly, for professional or office work as opposed to manual work
e.g. Your salary is really low - about 15,000 a year.

timetable
a list of the times when events are planned to happen or classes in school happen. Also schedule.
e.g. They are teachers and they have a good timetable.

wages
a fixed amount of money that is paid, usually every week, to an employee who needs physical skills or strength
e.g. Andrea is a bricklayer and gets a good wage.

working hours
the amount of time somebody spends at work during a day
e.g. I would like to reduce my working hours.

VOCABULARY AND COLLOCATIONS. WORK

be bought out                  = be purchased, taken over by another company

be on the line                  = be in danger situation, can lost job or employment

breadwinner                    = a person who earns the money that the family needs

company                          = business organization

competitive

dedicated                        = working hard for a person, company or idea

downsize                         = reduce the number of employees in a company in order to lower costs

employee                        = a person who has been hired to work for another

employer                        = a person or business that employs one or more people for wages

get rid of                         = remove, eliminate sb or sth, throw away

hire                                 = employ sb to do a particular job

line

manager

outdated                         = antiquated, too old, old-fashioned

resign                             = leave your job voluntarily, stand down or give up your job

retrain                            = reeducate sb for a job, train again

staff

streamline                     = improve the performance of something, simplify a process

retire                             = stop working because you are old

team

unemployed                 = without job

union                            = a group of people who represent workers

(an) update                   = make more modern

work-life

work-life balance         = the balance between an individual's work and personal life;
                                        work and lifestyle

working


                                 *******************************

be getting some more work experience   = acquire skills

be in charge of                                     = assume responsibility, having the care or supervision

be in work                                            = have a job

be laid off                                             = having lost your job, be made redundant

be made redundant                             = deprived of one's job, having lost your job

be on a short-term contract                  = limited period

be out of work                                      = not to have a job

be on maternity leave                          = time off work to have a baby

be responsible for                                = in charge of

be sacked/ fired from                          = dimissed from job

be self-employed                                 = working for yourself, from one's own business

deal with                                              = do business with, commercialise

get a rise                                             = increase

have been doing some voluntary work   = do charitable or helpful work without pay

have been out of work                      = be out of work

have good prospects                         = financial expectations, success in the future

have opportunities                             = possibilities, chances for progress or advancement

have (no) job security                        = (un)safety, freedom form risk

permanent job                                    = not temporary

run your own business                       = keep your own business

unpaid work                                        = voluntary work

work part-time                                   = working less than the usual or full time

IDIOMS WITH MIND

Be in two minds                         = indecision, hesitancy

Be out of your mind                   = extremely bored, mad, crazy

Bear in mind                              = rememember, be aware, keep in mind

Blow my mind                            = be astonished or amazed by sb, impressed

Change your mind                     = make a new decision or opinion

Cross my mind                          = occur to you

Know your own mind               = know what you like or want

Make up your mind                  = decide

Mind your own business          = refuse private questions, this issue does not concern you

Never mind                              = do not worry about sth, it does not matter

Speak your mind                     = speak very directly, express or say your own opinion